mor selective agonist  (MedChemExpress)

Journal: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Article Title: Delta-opioid receptor signaling alleviates neuropathology and cognitive impairment in the mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease by regulating microglia homeostasis and inhibiting HMGB1 pathway

doi: 10.1186/s13195-025-01682-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: DOR activation improved cognitive performance of APP/PS1 mice. WT: wild type C57 mice treated with saline intraperitoneally; AD: APP/PS1 mice treated with saline intraperitoneally; AD + U: APP/PS1 mice treated with UFP-512 intraperitoneally; AD + D: APP/PS1 mice treated with DAMGO intraperitoneally. ( A ),( B ) Expression profile of DOR and MOR in the cortex and hippocampus region of WT mice and AD mice. n = 3 in cortex; n = 6 in hippocampus, MOR: * p = 0.0136 vs. WT in Fig. 1A; DOR: * p = 0.013 vs. WT in Fig. 1B. Unpaired t-test was used to analyze the statistical significance in Fig. 1A and B. ( C ) Schematic diagram of mice treatment and behavioral tests. ( D-G ) Effects of DOR and MOR on spatial learning and memory evaluated by MWM. n = 10. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the statistical significance in Fig. 1D and F. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the statistical significance in Fig. 1E. (D) The swimming speed was recorded during visible platform tests. ( E ) Escape latency during hidden platform tests was recorded every training day. ** p < 0.0012 or 0.0014 vs. WT. ( F ) A probe trial was performed on Day 10. The number of mice crossing the previous platform located quadrant and the time mice spent in the target quadrant were recorded. Left panel: * p = 0.0160 or 0.0148 vs. WT; Δ p = 0.0322 vs. AD. Right panel: * p = 0.0207 vs. WT; Δ p = 0.0189 vs. AD. ( G ) Representative trajectory chart of mice in MWM test. ( H ) Effects of DOR and MOR on mice recognitive abilities evaluated by NOR. n = 10. Day 13: * p = 0.0479 vs. WT; ΔΔ p = 0.0011 vs. AD. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the statistical significance in Fig. 1H

Article Snippet: β-Amyloid (1–42) peptides and DAMGO, a MOR selective agonist were purchased from MCE (Cat: HY-P1388A, HY-P0210, China).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Saline, Expressing

Journal: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Article Title: Delta-opioid receptor signaling alleviates neuropathology and cognitive impairment in the mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease by regulating microglia homeostasis and inhibiting HMGB1 pathway

doi: 10.1186/s13195-025-01682-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: DOR or MOR-mediated regulation of gene expression profiles and anti-apoptosis in AD mouse model. ( A )( B ) DEGs in the cortex and hippocampus of WT, AD, AD + U and AD + D mice. Heatmaps show representative single DEG expression within each group. Pie charts illustrate percentage of DEGs which are corrected by UFP-512 treatment or DAMGO treatment. n = 3. UFP-512 corrected p value = 0.0172 in cortex, while UFP-512 corrected p value = 0.6718 in hippocampus. DAMGO corrected p value = 0.3187 in cortex, while DAMGO corrected p value = 0.046 in hippocampus. Chi-square test was used to analyze the statistical significance. ( C ) Representative images of TUNEL staining and NeuN staining, together with quantification of TUNEL-positive cells and neuronal proportion in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. n = 3 mice per group for statistical analysis. Scale bar = 100 μm in panel. Left panel: **** p < 0.0001 vs. WT; ΔΔΔ p = 0.0002 vs. AD. Right panel: ** p = 0.0057 or 0.0033 vs. WT. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze statistical significance

Article Snippet: β-Amyloid (1–42) peptides and DAMGO, a MOR selective agonist were purchased from MCE (Cat: HY-P1388A, HY-P0210, China).

Techniques: Expressing, TUNEL Assay, Staining

Journal: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Article Title: Delta-opioid receptor signaling alleviates neuropathology and cognitive impairment in the mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease by regulating microglia homeostasis and inhibiting HMGB1 pathway

doi: 10.1186/s13195-025-01682-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: DOR activation inhibited inflammatory cytokines release in APP/PS1 mouse and Aβ1-42 oligomer exposed BV2 cell line. C: the control BV2 cells; A: Aβ1-42 oligomer exposed BV2 cells; U: UFP-512; N: naltrindole; D: DAMGO; X: naltrexone. ( A ) Evaluation of the inflammatory events in the cortex and hippocampus region of WT mice and APP/PS1 mice. n = 4. Cortex: TNF-α: * p = 0.0218 vs. WT. IL-1β: * p = 0.0203 vs. WT. Hippocampus: TNF-α: * p = 0.0286 vs. WT. IL-1β: ** p = 0.0080 vs. WT. Unpaired t test was used to analyze the statistical significance. ( B , C )Effects of DOR and MOR on inflammatory cytokines in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. n = 3. Cortex: TNF-α: *** p = 0.0004, ** p = 0.0068 or 0.0050 vs. WT; Δ p = 0.0477 vs. AD. IL-1β: *** p = 0.0005 vs. WT; Δ p = 0.0149 vs. AD. Hippocampus: TNF-α: **** p < 0.0001, * p = 0.0133 vs. WT; Δ p = 0.0288 vs. AD. IL-1β: **** p < 0.0001, * p = 0.0291 or 0.0217 vs. WT; Δ p = 0.0467 vs. AD. Unpaired t test was used to analyze the statistical significance. ( D ) Aβ1-42 oligomer induced changes in proinflammatory cytokines in BV2 cell line. n = 3. TNF-α: * p = 0.0329, ** p = 0.0039, *** p = 0.0005 vs. C. IL-1β: **** p < 0.0001 vs. C. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze statistical significance. ( E , F ) Effects of DOR and MOR on TNF-α and IL-1β in Aβ1-42 exposed BV2 cells. n = 3. TNF-α: (E): **** p < 0.0001, *** p = 0.0006 vs. C. ΔΔ p = 0.0061 vs. A. (F): *** p = 0.0001 or 0.0004, ** p = 0.0012 vs. C. IL-1β: (E): **** p < 0.0001, ** p = 0.0013 vs. C. ΔΔ p = 0.0071 vs. A. (F): *** p = 0.0004, ** p = 0.0011 or 0.0051 vs. C. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the statistical significance

Article Snippet: β-Amyloid (1–42) peptides and DAMGO, a MOR selective agonist were purchased from MCE (Cat: HY-P1388A, HY-P0210, China).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Control

Journal: Pain

Article Title: Distinct and sex-specific expression of mu opioid receptors in anterior cingulate and somatosensory S1 cortical areas

doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002751

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reagents and resources.

Article Snippet: We applied the MOR-selective agonist DAMGO [1 μM] (Cat # 117; Tocris Biosciences) followed by application of the antagonist naloxone hydrochloride [100 μM] (Cat # 599; Tocris Biosciences).

Techniques: Software

Journal: Pain

Article Title: Distinct and sex-specific expression of mu opioid receptors in anterior cingulate and somatosensory S1 cortical areas

doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002751

Figure Lengend Snippet: Functional MORs expressed in MOR-mCherry-expressing neurons. (A) Representative MOR-mCherry expression in the adult mouse cortex. Anti-mCherry staining was used to amplify the MOR-mCherry fluorescence signal. Mouse brain atlas is overlaid in white, and yellow circles outline MOR-mCherry+ neurons. (B) Identification of MOR-mCherry-expressing neuron electrophysiological recording set up at ×63 magnification. Bright field view (left panel), direct nonamplified MOR-mCherry signal (middle panel), recorded neuron, and pipette filled with Lucifer Yellow CH (right panel). (C) Typical firing pattern of a MOR-mCherry+ neuron in ACC in response to injection of +100 pA pulse current. (D) Typical voltage clamp recording traces at Vh = −70 mV for MOR-mCherry+ neuron (left) and MOR-mCherry-negative neuron (right) at baseline, during bath application of DAMGO [1 µM] and naloxone [100 µM]. (E) Quantification of differential holding current (drug minus baseline current) in MOR-mCherry+ neurons (n = 5 cells, 4 mice) and MOR-mCherry-negative neurons (n = 6 cells, 3 mice). Recordings were performed in male mice. Two-way mixed ANOVA, F(1,17) = 10.07, P = 0.0056. Tukey posthoc. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, with dots showing individual neurons, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. MORs, mu opioid receptors.

Article Snippet: We applied the MOR-selective agonist DAMGO [1 μM] (Cat # 117; Tocris Biosciences) followed by application of the antagonist naloxone hydrochloride [100 μM] (Cat # 599; Tocris Biosciences).

Techniques: Functional Assay, Expressing, Staining, Fluorescence, Transferring, Injection